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[目的]研究中学生社会适应的规律,寻找评价中学生社会适应的方法,探讨增进中学生社会适应的途径和教育对策。[方法]2009年10月,采用多阶段分层整群抽样的方法,在济南、烟台、淄博、德州、菏泽5市各抽取1所中学,对其中部分学生进行调查。[结果]调查1 773人,社会适应6个指标总分,男生为168.67±25.50分,女生为172.80±25.21分(P<0.05);初一至高三学生分别为187.44±23.25、174.92±24.53、168.67±23.99、163.46±23.44、157.70±22.83、164.72±21.05分(P<0.01);城市学生为180.42±25.81分,农村学生为167.63±24.52分,(P<0.01);独生子女为176.72±25.50分,非独生子女为165.38±24.15分(P<0.01);住校生为167.68±24.56分,走读生为175.22±26.02分(P<0.01)。[结论]中学生社会适应水平在性别、年级、家庭住址、是否为独生子女及是否住校方面存在着明显的差异。
[Objective] To study the law of social adaptation of middle school students, to find ways to evaluate the social adaptation of middle school students and to explore the ways to improve the social adaptation of middle school students and education strategies. [Methods] In October 2009, a middle school was sampled in each of the five cities of Jinan, Yantai, Zibo, Texas and Heze using multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method to investigate some of them. [Results] A total of 1 773 people were surveyed, and the total score of social adjustment for 6 indicators was 168.67 ± 25.50 for boys and 172.80 ± 25.21 for girls (P <0.05). The scores of students from first to third were 187.44 ± 23.25,174.92 ± 24.53 and 168.67 ± 23.99,163.46 ± 23.44,157.70 ± 22.83,164.72 ± 21.05 points (P <0.01); urban students was 180.42 ± 25.81 points, rural students was 167.63 ± 24.52 points (P <0.01); only child was 176.72 ± 25.50 points , 165.38 ± 24.15 for non-only children (P <0.01), 167.68 ± 24.56 for resident students and 175.22 ± 26.02 for students (P <0.01). [Conclusions] The secondary school students’ social adaptation level is obviously different in terms of sex, grade, home address, whether or not they are singletons and whether they live in schools.