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目的了解惠州市公共场所集中空调冷却水和冷凝水嗜肺军团菌污染状况和菌型分布,为疾病预防提供依据。方法按《公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生规范》和WS 394-2012《公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生规范》,2011—2014年采集惠州市部分公共场所集中空调冷却水、冷凝水进行嗜肺军团菌检测。结果共抽查113家大型公共场所水样226份,嗜肺军团菌总检出率31.9%。夏季检出率最高(39.1%);共分离出74株嗜肺军团菌,其中2份冷却水同时检出LP1和Lp2-14型。检出率依次为商场51.9%、娱乐场所40.8%、酒店25.3%、写字楼5.6%。结论惠州市部分公共场所集中空调冷却塔水及冷凝水受到嗜肺军团菌不同程度污染,应规范管理,加强监管,预防军团菌病的发生。
Objective To understand the pollution status and the distribution of Legionella pneumophila in central air-conditioning cooling water and condensate water in public places in Huizhou City and provide the basis for disease prevention. Methods According to “Hygienic regulation of central air conditioning and ventilation system in public places” and WS 394-2012 “Hygienic regulation of central air conditioning and ventilation system in public places”, from 2011 to 2014, central air conditioning cooling water and condensate water were collected from some public places in Huizhou City for Legionella pneumophila Detection. Results A total of 226 samples of water samples were collected from 113 large-scale public places and the total detection rate of Legionella pneumophila was 31.9%. The highest detection rate was in summer (39.1%). A total of 74 strains of Legionella pneumophila were isolated, of which 2 were detected for both LP1 and Lp2-14. The detection rate followed by shopping malls 51.9%, entertainment 40.8%, hotels 25.3%, office buildings 5.6%. Conclusion In some public places in Huizhou, the concentration air-conditioning cooling tower water and condensate water are polluted by Legionella pneumophila to different degrees. Management should be standardized to strengthen supervision and prevent the occurrence of Legionnaires’ disease.