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目的探讨实验动物从业人员一般自我效能感与职业伤害和自我防护现状,分析其相关性,为自我防护和职业健康指导提供方向。方法采用一般自我效能感量表和自编的实验动物从业人员职业伤害及自我防护调查问卷对杭州、温州和上海等237名实验动物从业人员进行调查。结果实验动物从业人员一般自我效能感低于常模水平,且以中等水平自我效能感为主。他们的物理性、化学性、生物性伤害的主要来源分别为“接触粉尘”及“大小鼠的抓咬伤”;“直接接触化学消毒剂或化学试剂”;“接触未知病原微生物的实验动物”及“实验动物过敏”。他们最容易忽视的防护措施为“监测血清抗体水平,必要时预防接种”;其一般自我效能感与职业伤害无关但与其自我防护水平呈正相关。结论实验动物行业管理层应努力提高实验动物从业人员的自我效能感,加强其职业防护培训与教育。实验动物从业人员必须重视工作中存在的诸多职业伤害因素,提高自我防护意识,加强防护措施,以达到减少危害,保护自身健康的目的。
Objective To explore the general self-efficacy and occupational injury and self-protection status of laboratory animal practitioners, analyze their correlation and provide direction for self-protection and occupational health guidance. Methods A total of 237 laboratory animal practitioners in Hangzhou, Wenzhou and Shanghai were surveyed by using self-efficacy scales and self-made occupational injuries and self-protection questionnaires of experimental animals. Results The average self-efficacy of laboratory animal practitioners was lower than that of norm and the self-efficacy was moderate. The main sources of their physical, chemical and biological injuries are “contact dust” and “rat bites”; “direct contact with chemical disinfectants or chemical reagents”; “contact Laboratory animals with unknown pathogenic microorganisms ”and“ Laboratory animal allergies ”. Their protective measures most easily overlooked are “monitoring of serum antibody levels, vaccination if necessary”; and their general self-efficacy is not related to occupational injury but positively correlated with their level of self-protection. Conclusion Laboratory animal industry management should strive to improve the sense of self-efficacy of laboratory animals practitioners to strengthen their occupational protection training and education. Laboratory animal practitioners must pay attention to many occupational hazards that exist in their work, raise awareness of self-protection, and strengthen protective measures so as to achieve the goal of reducing harm and protecting their own health.