论文部分内容阅读
青霉素药物反应占所有药物反应的15～20％,占药物性荨麻疹的30～40％。应用青霉素的患者产生过敏反应者为1～10％。有先天性过敏性素质的患者,其反应的发生率显著增高。临床表现分为: 1.立即反应: 荨麻疹和/或全身瘙痒。荨麻疹单独出现,或为过敏性反应的一个表现。轻的过敏反应为头昏、出汗、面色苍白、呼吸困难和鼻炎。严重患者的全身性荨麻疹合并血管神经性水肿、喉头水肿,有时还伴有胃肠症状,如恶心、呕吐、腹痛、腹泻,偶尔见血性大便。喉头水肿或循环衰竭可引起死亡。
Penicillin drug reactions accounted for 15 to 20% of all drug reactions, accounting for 30 to 40% of drug-induced urticaria. Patients with penicillin allergic reactions were 1 to 10%. Patients with congenital allergic manifestations, the incidence of response was significantly higher. Clinical manifestations are divided into: 1. Immediate response: urticaria and / or systemic itching. Urticaria appears alone or as an indication of allergic reactions. Light allergic reactions are dizziness, sweating, pale, trouble breathing and rhinitis. Severe systemic urticaria with angioneurotic edema, laryngeal edema, and sometimes accompanied by gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, occasionally bloody stool. Throat edema or circulatory failure can cause death.