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目的：探讨高颈段髓外肿瘤手术的入路与技术。方法：１５例高颈段髓外肿瘤患者，男９例，女６例，年龄２０～７３岁。其中髓外硬膜下肿瘤９例，髓外硬膜外肿瘤６例，哑铃形肿瘤８例。采用了３种入路进行手术，其中颈后中线入路１１例，颈外侧入路３例，颈前方入路１例。结果：１２例痊愈，１例术后无变化，１例于术后１月死于肿瘤复发，１例麻醉时呼吸停止，术后７天死亡。结论：多数高颈段髓外肿瘤可经颈后中线入路手术全切。颈外侧入路适于切除脊髓腹侧肿瘤和包绕椎动脉的椎旁肿瘤。手术入路的选择与手术的显露范围、肿瘤的大小与位置及肿瘤的性质有关。
Objective: To explore the approach and technique for surgical treatment of extramedullary extramedullary tumors. Methods: Fifteen patients with extramedullary extramedullary tumors were included in this study. There were 9 males and 6 females, aged 20-73 years old. Among them, 9 were extramedullary subdural tumors, 6 extramedullary epidural tumors, and 8 dumbbell-shaped tumors. Three kinds of approaches were used for surgery, including 11 cases of midline posterior cervical approach, 3 cases of lateral cervical approach, and 1 case of anterior cervical approach. Results: 12 patients recovered, 1 had no change after surgery, 1 died of tumor recurrence 1 month after surgery, 1 patient stopped breathing during anesthesia, and died 7 days after operation. Conclusion: Most high-non- extramedullary extramedullary tumors can be surgically resected through the posterior cervical midline approach. The lateral neck approach is suitable for the removal of the ventral tumor of the spinal cord and paravertebral tumors surrounding the vertebral artery. The choice of surgical approach is related to the scope of the surgery, the size and location of the tumor, and the nature of the tumor.