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该文以嘉兴境内G15w常台高速和G60沪昆高速各一个路段为对象,进行了双车道和多车道交通流的实地拍摄、车速数据采集和统计分析。发现高货车比例的城际高速公路交通流与城市快速路存在不同的特征,客车与货车具有明显的速度分布差异,总体车辆速度分布呈现双峰特征。提出了一种能够刻画车速分布双峰特征的五参数概率密度函数,其中参数具有清晰物理意义,可以根据具体问题中峰值的不同位置、高度、方差进行调节。三个实测样本拟合优化结果显示,多车道路段两个速度峰值之间的距离比双车道路段更大,而双休日车速(尤其是货车速度)数据的集中程度比普通工作日更高。
In this paper, the G15w in Jiaxing and G60 Shanghai-Kunming Expressway high-speed each of a section for the object of the two-lane and multi-lane traffic flow field shooting, speed data acquisition and statistical analysis. It is found that there are different characteristics of the inter-city expressway traffic flow and the urban expressway with high truck ratio, and there are obvious differences in the speed distribution between the passenger car and the freight car. The overall vehicle speed distribution presents a double-peaked characteristic. A five-parameter probability density function, which can characterize the bimodal distribution of vehicle speed distribution, is proposed. The parameters have clear physical meaning and can be adjusted according to the different positions, heights and variances of the peaks in the specific problem. The fitting results of the three measured samples show that the distance between the two speed peaks in the multi-lane section is larger than the two-lane section, while the weekend and weekend speed (especially truck speed) data is more concentrated than the normal working day.