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籽粒形状与大小是影响水稻产量和品质的重要因素.本研究在经60Co-γ射线辐射粳稻品种台北309的后代中分离获得一个三角颖突变体tri1(triangularhull1).与野生型相比,tri1籽粒颖壳呈三角形,粒厚增加,蛋白质含量升高,株高和千粒重降低.遗传分析表明,该突变性状能稳定遗传,受一对隐性核基因控制.采用图位克隆法将目的基因精细定位于水稻第1染色体长臂上分子标记CHR0122与CH0127之间,物理距离约47kb,并与分子标记CHR0119共分离.在该区域内共有6个候选基因,测序分析表明tri1突变体中一个释义基因OsMADS32的第3外显子内缺失了一个碱基A,导致移码突变和翻译提前终止;RT-PCR分析表明,OsMADS32主要在水稻幼穗中表达,在根、茎、叶和发育的种子等组织中的表达量极低,说明OsMADS32基因与花的发育与关.据此,推测OsMADS32基因可能为TRI1的候选基因.
Grain shape and size are important factors affecting rice yield and quality.In this study, a triangular-shaped mutant tri1 (triangularhull1) was isolated from the progenies of a japonica rice variety Taipei309 irradiated with 60Co-γ rays.Compared with the wild-type tri1 The glume shell has a triangular shape with an increased grain thickness, an increased protein content, and a reduced plant height and grain weight. Genetic analysis showed that the trait was stable and controlled by a pair of recessive nuclear genes. The molecular marker CHR0122 and CH0127 on the long arm of rice had a physical distance of 47kb and was co-segregated with the molecular marker CHR0119.There were 6 candidate genes in this region, and sequencing analysis showed that one of the tri1 mutants, OsMADS32 The deletion of one base A in the third exon resulted in the frameshift mutation and the early termination of translation. RT-PCR analysis showed that OsMADS32 was mainly expressed in the young panicle of rice, which was found in roots, stems, leaves and developing seeds The results showed that the OsMADS32 gene may be a candidate gene of TRI1.