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本文利用CHNS城镇住户微观数据,通过构建社区居委会层次的周边环境指标,采用“特征价格模型”详细考察了各类社区质量特征对住房价值高低的影响作用及影响机制。结果发现,平均受教育年限、职业多样化等人力资本因素正效应显著,而民族多样化等文化资本对房价或房租具有明显的负效应。与发达国家经验研究相比,用居住一定年限的住户比重和自有房率等指标衡量的社会资本并不总是显著。此外,托幼机构和医院等设施有显著的正效应,相反,网吧及离交通设施较近的住房价值明显较低。我们认为,这与当前我国经济转型和快速城镇化息息相关。文章所得结论对我国政府如何有效地加强和谐社区建设具有重要启示。
In this paper, we use the micro-data of CHNS urban households and construct the neighborhood environment indicators of community neighborhood level, using the “characteristic price model” to examine in detail the impact of various community quality characteristics on the housing value and the impact mechanism. The results showed that the positive effects of human capital factors such as average years of education and occupational diversification were significant, while cultural capital such as ethnic diversity had obvious negative effects on house prices or rent. Compared with the empirical studies in developed countries, the social capital, as measured by the proportion of households living for a certain number of years and their own room rates, is not always significant. In addition, kindergartens and hospitals and other facilities have significant positive effects. On the contrary, the value of cafes and cafes closer to transportation facilities is significantly lower. In our opinion, this is closely linked to the current economic restructuring and rapid urbanization in our country. The conclusion of the article has important enlightenment to our government on how to effectively strengthen the building of a harmonious community.