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康德与席勒从各自的思辨美学角度阐述了艺术自律的可能及其限度,在肯定艺术自律的同时也对之进行了启蒙性的人文条件前置。然而,康德思辨美学确立的艺术自律概念遭到了唯美主义的解构,考虑到唯美主义与康德美学的亲缘关系,我们必须重新思考以下问题:康德与席勒在何种意义上支持艺术自由?他们的分歧和共识是什么?只有明了这些问题,我们才能明晰康德、席勒美学与唯美主义之间的重要差别。
Kant and Schiller elaborated the possibility and limit of artistic self-discipline from the perspectives of their respective aesthetics of judging. While affirming the self-discipline of art, Kant and Schiller carried out the enlightenment of humane conditions. However, the concept of artistic self-discipline established by Kant’s speculative aesthetics has been deconstructed by the aestheticism. Given the affinity between aestheticism and Kant’s aesthetics, we must rethink the following questions: In what sense does Kant and Schiller support the freedom of the arts? What is the difference and the consensus? Only by knowing these questions can we make clear the important differences between Kant, Schiller’s aesthetics and aestheticism.