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目的分析生产性氧化铁粉尘所致肺部尘肺样X线表现动态变化,提高对生产性氧化铁粉尘所致肺部尘肺样X线改变的认识。方法对某氧化铁红厂1974-1997年间现场劳动卫生调查、职业病临床资料、X线胸片及脱离粉尘作业16~22年的X线胸片动态观察等资料进行回顾性分析。结果在观察62名氧化铁粉尘作业工人中,患Ⅰ期尘肺样改变12例,Ⅱ期尘肺样改变4例。发病工龄3.8~21年,2例脱尘后随观2年晋升为Ⅱ期。X线表现:双肺较均匀分布直径为1~3 mm斑片状和类圆形小阴影,中央密度高,边缘密度稍淡,边界清楚,无融合趋势,无肺纤维化征像,无肺结核合并症。在脱离粉尘作业8年后,肺部病灶阴影开始吸收减少,脱离粉尘作业16~22年,所有病例肺部尘肺样阴影全部吸收消散。结论生产性氧化铁粉尘所致肺部尘肺样X线改变,是一种良性尘肺,脱尘后病人可自行恢复。
Objective To analyze the dynamic change of pulmonary pneumoconiosis-like X-ray manifestations caused by productive iron oxide dust and to raise awareness of the change of pneumoconiosis-like X-ray in lung caused by productive iron oxide dust. Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out on field labor health survey, clinical data of occupational diseases, X-ray and dynamic observation of X-ray chest radiograph from 16-22 years of operation of a certain iron oxide red factory from 1974 to 1997. Results In the observation of 62 iron oxide dust workers, there were 12 cases of stage I pneumoconiosis and 4 cases of stage II pneumoconiosis. The length of service was from 3.8 to 21 years, and two cases were promoted to stage Ⅱ after 2 years of dust removal. X-ray findings: The lungs were uniformly distributed with 1 ~ 3 mm diameter patches and roundish-like small shadows. The central density was high, the marginal density was slightly pale, the border was clear, there was no fusion tendency, no signs of pulmonary fibrosis and no pulmonary tuberculosis Comorbidity. After 8 years of operation from the dust, the shadow of the lung lesion began to absorb less, leaving the dust operation for 16 to 22 years, and all cases of pulmonary pneumoconiosis-like shadow absorbed and dissipated. Conclusion Pulmonary pneumoconiosis-like X-ray changes caused by productive iron oxide dust are a kind of benign pneumoconiosis, and patients can recover spontaneously after de-dusting.