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贝类作为人类喜爱的食品,具有丰富的营养价值,但贝类也可能传播水中致病性微生物,从而对人类带来一定的危害。由于细菌学标准的确立,贝类传播细菌性疾病已基本得到控制。但世界各地相继对贝类传播病毒性疾病的报道业已超过2000例,因此引起卫生界及渔商业界的重视,在贝类传播病毒的机理及如何减少危害等方面作了大量研究。一、贝类传播的病毒性疾病 (一)甲型肝炎的暴发最早报道的是1955年瑞典一次甲型肝炎暴发,认为是生食牡蛎所致。以后由贝类引起甲型肝炎暴发规模大小不等,流行病学追踪调查常可确定传染源是来自污染水域的贝
As a favorite food of human beings, shellfish are rich in nutritional value, but shellfish may also spread pathogenic microorganisms in water, thus causing some harm to human beings. Due to the establishment of bacteriological criteria, shellfish-borne bacterial diseases have been basically controlled. However, since 2000, more than 2,000 cases of shellfish spread viral diseases have been reported in the world, a great deal of research has been carried out in the health sector and fishery industry, in the mechanism of shellfish virus transmission and how to reduce the harm. First, the spread of shellfish virus diseases (A) Hepatitis A outbreak was first reported in Sweden in 1955, an outbreak of hepatitis A, that is caused by raw oysters. After the shellfish caused by hepatitis A outbreaks ranging in size, epidemiological follow-up survey can often determine the source of infection from the contaminated waters of the shellfish