论文部分内容阅读
一、外债负担的形成为促进经济建设和改善人民生活,60年代后半期,罗马尼亚曾采取积极大胆借债的办法进口技术、设备和消费品,即通过获得西方技术来提高国内生产率。但是由于借债太多,加上使用不当,出口没有相应跟上,结果欠西方资本主义国家的贷款越来越多,反而给国家的发展带来了不少困难和消极影响。尽管罗马尼亚用与第三世界国家的贸易顺差来弥补同西方贸易出现的部分逆差,但是,机器和设备引进所支付的外汇增加,迫使罗马尼亚向世界银行和国际货币基金组织借款,从而逐渐加重了债务负担。
I. The Formation of the Burden of Foreign Debt To promote economic construction and improve people’s livelihood, in the latter half of the 1960s Romania adopted an aggressive and courageous approach to the import of technology, equipment and consumer goods, that is, increased domestic productivity through access to Western technology. However, due to too much borrowing and improper use, exports have not kept pace with them. As a result, loans to western capitalist countries have been increasing. On the contrary, they have brought many difficulties and negative effects to the development of the country. Despite Romania’s partial trade deficit with Western trade with the trade surplus with third world countries, the increase in foreign exchange paid for the introduction of machinery and equipment forced Romania to borrow from the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, thereby gradually aggravating its debt burden.