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为了研究北温带湿地不同退水时间条件下土壤种质资源的特征,在3个不同的水位条件下,通过幼苗萌发法对野鸭湖湿地近10年来退水湿地面积中土壤种子资源的分布格局进行了分析。结果表明,土壤中的种子在不同的退水时间条件下,变化明显:种子的密度在退水5～7年时达到最大值2.389×104ind./m2,在退水7～10年时最小,为1.352×104ind./m2;萌发植物的物种数量与之相一致,其中广泛分布类型植物与水生植物的萌发在退水5～7年时同样达到最大值,但萌发的湿生植物的数量在退水1～3年时,达到最大值;湿地中土壤种子在0～5cm和5～10cm分层上,萌发的物种数差异不显著,但在萌发数量上有明显分层现象。本文还结合以上研究结果,分析了在不同退水时间条件下,土壤种质资源产生差异的原因,进而讨论了土壤种子资源在湿地恢复和湿地保护过程中的重要作用。
In order to study the characteristics of soil germplasm resources under different return time in the north temperate wetlands, the seed germination method was used to study the distribution pattern of soil seed resources in the area of the degraded wetland in Yeyahu wetland in the past 10 years under three different water levels Analysis. The results showed that the seeds in the soil changed obviously under different conditions of the time of retreat: the density of seeds reached the maximum of 2.389 × 104ind. / M2 at 5-7 years after the water was regressed, 1.352 × 104ind. / M2. The species numbers of germinating plants are consistent with them. The germination of widely distributed plants and aquatic plants also reached the maximum value after 5-7 years’ In the wetlands, the number of germinated species was not significantly different at 0 ~ 5cm and 5 ~ 10cm stratification, but there was obvious stratification on the germination number. Based on the above results, this paper also analyzes the reasons for the differences in soil germplasm resources under different conditions of return time, and then discusses the important role of soil seed resources in wetland restoration and wetland conservation.