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作为表演才艺的戏曲演员,“戏子”在中国古代被赋予了特殊地位,其身份低微,多贬意。戏子的表演具有娱乐性和世俗性,诙谐滑稽、雅俗共赏,富有浓郁的时代特色。戏子身份的变化、地位的低微与儒家文化对古典戏曲的影响分不开。随着历史的发展,戏子身份逐渐迁移到文学中,以隐喻、类比的形式成为历代知识分子命运起伏的符号,无疑加剧了戏子地位的轻微性。
As a drama actress performing a talent show, “Opera ” was given a special status in ancient China, whose status was subtle and derogatory. Opera performances are entertaining and secular, witty comic, elegant and popular, full of rich characteristics of the times. The change of the status of the opera and the low status of the opera can not be separated from the influences of the Confucian culture on the classical operas. With the development of history, the identity of the actors gradually migrated into literature. Metaphors and analogies became symbols of the ups and downs of the intellectuals of all generations, undoubtedly exacerbating the subtleties of the status of the actors.