论文部分内容阅读
区域土壤侵蚀定量评价是制定水土保持规划的重要依据。自2001以来,北京市每年发布水土保持监测公报,向社会公告水土流失状况;为了定量评价年度水土流失状况,北京市持续开展了土壤侵蚀定量评价方法的研究探索:(1)2001—2003年公报采用了基于遥感监测的小区推算法;(2)2004—2011年公报采用了基于降雨侵蚀力模型的小区推算法;(3)2012—2013年公报采用了基于北京市土壤流失方程的定量评价法。对上述3种算法进行比较性研究,总结了各算法的优缺点:小区推算法简单易行,缺点是误差较大;基于降雨侵蚀力模型的小区推算法,需要收集全市降雨站点的数据,在一定程度上提高了分析的准确度;基于北京土壤流失方程的定量评价法,科学合理,避免了小区监测的偶然性和随机误差,但是需要大量基础数据支撑和区域土壤流失方程。
The quantitative assessment of regional soil erosion is an important basis for making plans for soil and water conservation. Since 2001, Beijing Municipality has released the Bulletin on Monitoring Soil and Water Conservation every year to publicize the status of soil and water loss. In order to quantitatively evaluate the annual soil and water loss conditions, Beijing has conducted a series of studies on quantitative assessment of soil erosion: (1) Bulletin 2001-2003 (2) Cell prediction based on rainfall erosivity model was adopted in Gazette of 2004-2011; (3) The 2012-2013 Gazette adopted a quantitative evaluation method based on Beijing’s soil loss equation . The comparative research on the above three algorithms is summarized and the advantages and disadvantages of each algorithm are summarized: the cell estimation method is simple and easy, the shortcoming is the error is large; based on the cell estimation method of rainfall erosivity model, the data of rainfall stations in the whole city need to be collected. Which improves the accuracy of the analysis to a certain degree. The quantitative evaluation method based on Beijing’s soil loss equation is scientific and reasonable, avoids the chance of random monitoring and monitoring of residential area, but requires a lot of basic data support and regional soil loss equations.