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物化劳动在商品价值形成中的作用,近几年来学术界进行了一些讨论。笔者认为,物化劳动和活劳动一样,在新的商品生产中是形成价值的源泉,即物化劳动和活劳动共同创造价值。从生产过程中价值运动的角度看,物化劳动已经形成价值,在新的商品生产中,生产资料的价值会得到保存和再现。物化劳动创造的价值和生产资料价值的保存与再现,二者是一致的。物化劳动创造的价值量与生产中消耗掉的生产资料的价值量之间,从社会生产整体来看和从各个企业局部来看,具有不同的关系。弄清了这一问题,我们就可以进而说明社会主义利息和生产资料合理使用等有关问题。
The role of materialized labor in the formation of commodity value has been discussed by academics in recent years. The author believes that materialized labor, like live labor, is a source of value in the production of new commodities, that is, materialized labor and live labor create value together. From the perspective of the value movement in the production process, materialized labor has formed its value. In the new commodity production, the value of the means of production will be preserved and reproduced. The value created by materialized labor and the preservation and reproduction of the value of the means of production are the same. Between the amount of value created by materialized labor and the value of the means of production consumed in production, there is a different relationship between the amount of materialized labor and the value of the means of production consumed in production from the point of view of social production as a whole and from the perspective of each enterprise. Having figured out this issue, we can then explain the related issues of the socialist interest and the rational use of means of production.