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微RNA（miRNA）是一种内源性的，长度约为22个核苷酸的非编码小 RNA分子。 miRNA作为翻译抑制因子，介导基因转录后水平的调节，它的发现及研究为揭示体内基因表达调控机制提供了新的思路。迄今为止，已经发现了10000多种miRNA，其中 miR-210因其重要的基因调控作用受到了广泛的关注。在多种肿瘤细胞中均存在 miR-210的异常表达，故推测其与肿瘤的发生、发展密切相关。随着研究的深入，miR-210可能成为新的肿瘤标志物及肿瘤基因治疗的新靶点。“,”MicroRNAs with the length of about 22 nucleotides are a family of small,endogenous,non-coding RNAs.Functioning as post-transcriptional regulators of target genes,microRNAs can degrade the target mRNA after transcription or suppress the gene translation .To date, more than 10 000 miRNAs have been found,among which miR-210 is proved as a typically multifunctional miRNA that regulate various physiologi-cal and pathological processes in vivo.Studies found that miR-210 is abnormally expressed in most types of cancer cells,suggesting it might be involved in the occurrence and development of cancer.Therefore,miR-210 is likely to be a novel tumor biomarker and a new target for cancer targeted therapy .