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目的探讨儿童烧伤的特点,并分析其相关的社会因素。方法回顾性研究长海医院烧伤中心2007年1月-2008年12月住院及门、急诊治疗的226例儿童烧伤的相关因素,包括人群分布特点、致伤时间及日期、致伤地点、致伤原因、烧伤总体表面积、家长学历、预防措施、急救措施、住院天数、家庭经济状况等。采用SPSS 13.0软件进行数据分析。结果 3岁以下儿童所占比例最大,大多数烧伤发生在家中,最常见的烧伤是热液烫伤。外来儿童与当地儿童所占比例相当。对于已上学的儿童,节假日或周末烧伤发生率显著高于未上学者。多数家庭对儿童的看护措施未能有效地预防烧伤。在烧伤预防意识及急救措施方面,学历较高的家庭有较强的预防意识,且对烧伤的急救措施显著优于学历较低者。家庭经济收入高低显著影响患儿的治疗,家庭经济收入与住院天数有一定相关性。结论特殊时期(假期及周末)、看护措施、家长学历及家庭经济状况是影响儿童烧伤的重要社会因素,应基于这些因素形成综合的儿童烧伤预防体系。
Objective To explore the characteristics of children’s burns and analyze the related social factors. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on the related factors of burns in 226 children admitted to the Burn Center of Changhai Hospital from January 2007 to December 2008, including the distribution characteristics of the population, the time and date of injury, the location of the injury, the cause of the injury , The total surface area of burn, parents education, preventive measures, first aid measures, hospitalization days, family economic status. SPSS 13.0 software for data analysis. Results The highest proportion of children under 3 years of age, most of the burns occurred in the home, the most common burn is hydrothermal burns. Foreign children and local children account for a considerable proportion. For children who have attended school, the incidence of burns on holidays or weekends is significantly higher than that of nonschooling children. Care for children in most families does not prevent burns effectively. In the awareness of burn prevention and emergency measures, families with higher education have a stronger sense of prevention, and the first-aid measures for burns are significantly better than those with lower education level. The level of family income significantly affected children’s treatment, family income and hospitalization days have some relevance. Conclusion Special periods (holidays and weekends), nursing care measures, parents’ education and family economic status are important social factors that affect the burns of children. Based on these factors, a comprehensive prevention system for children’s burns should be formed.