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1 背景1.1 我国正处在卫生事业面临着人口多,幅员广,卫生水平相差悬殊,急、慢性传染病与地方病依然严重地危害着人民的健康,同时我国又在经历着人口年龄构成与疾病谱的演化过程中,慢性非传染性疾病逐渐成为我国成人早残或早逝的主因。所以,在继续预防好传染病的同时,也应重视慢性非传染性疾病的预防。1.2 随着社会的发展,现代医学已从生物医学模式转为生物—心理—社会医学模式,它对医学体系予总体性的影响,因而要求卫生服务从个体扩大到群体,从生物学观念扩大到心理学与社会学观念,从单纯的治疗扩大到多因素综合性预防,从人类社会扩大到生物圈,才能够达到增进与保护健康的目的。1.3 世界卫生组织提出,到本世纪末实现全球“人人享有卫生保健”的战略目标,初级卫
1 Background 1.1 China is facing a large population, a wide area, and a wide gap in the level of health. Acute and chronic infectious diseases and endemic diseases are still seriously endangering people’s health. At the same time, our country is experiencing population age composition and disease spectrum. In the course of evolution, chronic non-communicable diseases have gradually become the main cause of adult premature death or premature death in China. Therefore, while continuing to prevent infectious diseases, we must also pay attention to the prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases. 1.2 With the development of society, modern medicine has changed from a biomedical model to a biological-psychological-social medical model. It has an overall impact on the medical system, and thus requires the expansion of health services from individuals to groups, expanding from biological concepts to The concept of psychology and sociology can be expanded from simple treatment to multi-factor comprehensive prevention, from human society to the biosphere, in order to achieve the purpose of promoting and protecting health. 1.3 World Health Organization proposes that by the end of this century, the global strategic goal of “Health for All” should be achieved.