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用小麦抗白粉病等基因系作鉴别寄主,观察了已知抗性基因(Pm1—Pm4)对江苏不同地区病原菌群体的反应。在1982年,南京和淮阴两地区病圃中,Pm1、Pm3b、Pm3c 反应型为3—4级。Pm2、Pm3a 为0—3级。Pm4 为0—1级,Pm4对两地病原菌群体的反应型略有差异。在温室中,用50ppm 苯并咪唑水溶液培养寄主离体叶片鉴定了从南京地区白粉病菌群体中分离的23个单孢或单孢子堆病菌标样。根据它们对寄主的侵染范围,可初步鉴定出6个致病力类型,并估计了病菌标样中与寄主抗性基因相对应的毒性基因的频率。从 Pm2、Pm4在我省及世界各地病圃中的抗性表现看,这两个抗性基因资源,对当前小麦抗白粉病育种是有效的,应首先加以利用。但是也应警惕 V_2和 V_4毒性基因的存在及其扩大的可能性。
The wheat lines resistant to powdery mildew and other genetic lines were used as the identification host to observe the response of the known resistance gene (Pm1-Pm4) to pathogenic bacterial populations in different regions of Jiangsu Province. In 1982, Nanjing and Huaiyin two nurseries, Pm1, Pm3b, Pm3c response type 3-4. Pm2, Pm3a is 0-3 level. Pm4 is 0-1 level, Pm4 slightly different pathogenic bacteria populations between the two response. In greenhouse, 23 single or single spores of Bacillus subtilis isolates isolated from powdery mildew populations in Nanjing were identified by culturing host isolated leaves with 50 ppm benzimidazole aqueous solution. Based on their range of infection to the host, six virulence types were initially identified and the frequency of virulence genes corresponding to the host resistance genes in the germ standard was estimated. From the resistance performance of Pm2 and Pm4 in the nurseries of our province and other parts of the world, the two resistance gene resources are effective for the current wheat powdery mildew resistance breeding and should be used first. However, we should also guard against the existence of V 2 and V 4 toxic genes and the possibility of their enlargement.