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肺炎球菌和脑膜炎球菌感染是引起婴幼儿肺炎、化脓性脑膜炎及爆发性败血症的主要致病菌。目前接种疫苗是预防肺炎球菌和脑膜炎球菌感染最为有效的方法。1938年研究人员首次进行了1型和2型肺炎球菌荚膜多糖双价疫苗大规模接种临床试验;1978年14价肺炎球菌荚膜多糖疫苗在美国正式上市;我国从1966年开始研制流脑疫苗,1980
Pneumococcal and meningococcal infections are the major pathogens causing infantile pneumonia, purulent meningitis and explosive sepsis. Vaccination is currently the most effective way to prevent pneumococcal and meningococcal infections. In 1938, researchers conducted the first large-scale clinical trial of large-scale vaccination of pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide type 1 and type 2 vaccines; in 1978, the 14-valent pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide vaccine was officially launched in the United States; in 1949, China started to develop meningoencephalitis vaccine , 1980