Synthesis and sintering of indium tin oxide nanoparticles by citrate-nitrate combustion method

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Spherical indium tin oxide (ITO) nanoparticles were synthesized by combustion method using citric acid as fuel and nitrates as oxidizer. The obtained ITO nanoparticles were characterized by TG-DSC, FT-IR,XRD, BET, TEM, and SEM. The ITO nanoparticles grew steadily with the increase of heat treatment temperature, and the 700℃ calcined particles had a crystallite size of 25.3 nm and a specific surface area of The 900℃ sintered pellet had a density of 67.6% of theoretical density (TD) and increased steadily to 97.3% for the 1400℃ sintcred ceram-ics, respectively.
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