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亨利·奥萨瓦·坦纳(Henry Ossawa Tanner,1859-1937)是19世纪末至20世纪初少数负有盛名的非裔美国艺术家之一。坦纳曾在宾夕法尼亚美术学院学习绘画,师从托马斯·伊肯斯(Thomas Eakins)。在伊肯斯的200多名学生中,他是唯一的非洲裔。旅居巴黎后,坦纳的绘画得到了世界性的赞誉。虽然种族身份是大部分关于坦纳的讨论中十分重要的主题,但具有现代风格的宗教绘画作品才是坦纳艺术探索的主要路径,这也使得坦纳成为非裔美国艺术家中一个十分独特的样本。本文试图通过梳理坦纳的创作经历和文化背景,结合美国艺术和欧洲艺术在当时对坦纳的影响,探讨坦纳的绘画对于艺术史的价值。
Henry Ossawa Tanner (1859-1937) was one of the few notable African-American artists of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Tanner studied painting at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts under the faculty of Thomas Eakins. Of the more than 200 students in Eakins, he is the only African American. After living in Paris, Tanner’s paintings received worldwide acclaim. Although racial identity is a very important topic in most of Tanner’s discussions, the modernist style of religious painting is the main route of Tanner’s art exploration, which also makes Tanner one of the most unique among African-American artists sample. This article tries to explore the value of Tanner’s painting to the history of art by combing Tanner’s creative experience and cultural background, combining the influences of American and European art on Tanner at that time.