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目的探讨高蛋白膳食对限食大鼠血清和肠粘膜氨基酸谱的影响。方法 Wistar雄性大鼠,按体重随机分成五组,分别为正常对照组,喂15%酪蛋白合成饲料,自由摄食;限食1组和2组分别按正常对照组摄食量的50%和30%对喂15%酪蛋白合成饲料;补蛋白1组和2组分别按正常对照组摄食量的50%和30%对喂30%酪蛋白合成饲料。实验2w后处死大鼠,取血和小肠组织检测游离氨基酸含量。结果限食组和补蛋白组的大鼠血清游离氨基酸浓度均低于正常对照组,并且除了甘氨酸和胱氨酸外均有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸、亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、缬氨酸、谷氨酸下降最为明显(P<0.01);而补蛋白组的大鼠血清游离氨基酸浓度又高于相应的限食组,其中苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸、亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、缬氨酸、精氨酸、谷氨酸有显著性差异(P<0.05)。限食组和补蛋白组的大鼠肠粘膜游离氨基酸含量均低于正常对照组,其中苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸、亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、缬氨酸、精氨酸、谷氨酸有显著性差异(P<0.05);而补蛋白组的大鼠肠粘膜游离氨基酸含量又高于相应的限食组,其中亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、缬氨酸、精氨酸、谷氨酸有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论提高膳食中的蛋白质比例能降低限食对大鼠血清和肠粘膜氨基酸谱的影响,改善血清氨基酸代谢。
Objective To investigate the effects of high protein diet on the amino acid profile of serum and intestinal mucosa in rats after food restriction. Methods Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups according to body weight, which were normal control group and fed with 15% casein synthetic diet respectively. The rats in group 1 and group 2 were fed with 50% and 30% Feed 15% casein synthetic feed; Supplement protein group 1 and 2 respectively, according to the normal control group fed 50% and 30% fed 30% casein synthetic feed. The rats were sacrificed 2w after the experiment, blood and small intestine to detect free amino acid content. Results Serum free amino acids of rats in the diet-limited group and the protein-supplemented group were lower than those in the normal control group, except for glycine and cystine (P <0.05), in which phenylalanine and tyrosine , Leucine, isoleucine, valine and glutamic acid decreased most significantly (P <0.01), while the concentrations of serum free amino acids in the protein-supplemented group were higher than those in the corresponding restricted group There were significant differences in acid, tyrosine, leucine, isoleucine, valine, arginine and glutamic acid (P <0.05). The contents of free amino acids in the intestinal mucosa of rats in the food-restricted group and the protein-supplemented group were lower than those in the normal control group, of which, phenylalanine, tyrosine, leucine, isoleucine, valine, arginine, (P <0.05). However, the content of free amino acids in the intestinal mucosa of the protein-supplemented group was higher than that of the corresponding food-restricted group, in which leucine, isoleucine, valine and arginine , Glutamate was significantly different (P <0.05). Conclusion Increasing the dietary protein ratio can reduce the effect of food restriction on the amino acid profile of serum and intestinal mucosa in rats and improve the serum amino acid metabolism.