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目的探讨成都市成年人膳食能量密度与超重肥胖的关联性。方法采用整群随机抽样方法,于2013年选取成都市1 933名18~70岁居民为研究对象。采用经有效性验证的24 h膳食回顾法收集调查对象的膳食信息,并计算膳食能量密度(摄入食物的总能量与总重量之比(单位kcal/g))。采用超声波身高体重仪测量调查对象身高体重,进一步计算体重指数(BMI)。根据中国肥胖问题工作组(WGOC)及世界卫生组织(WHO)标准划分是否超重肥胖。采用Logistic回归模型分析膳食能量密度与超重肥胖的关系。结果在男性中,当采用WGOC标准并控制年龄、受教育水平、家庭人均月收入、吸烟状况及中高等体力活动强度(MVPAEE)等混杂因素后,膳食能量密度是超重肥胖的危险因素(P<0.05);当采用WHO标准时两者不存在显著相关性(P>0.05)。在女性中,无论是采用WGOC标准还是WHO标准,膳食能量密度均是超重肥胖的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论成都市成年人膳食能量密度是超重肥胖的危险因素。
Objective To investigate the relationship between dietary energy density and overweight and obesity among adults in Chengdu. Methods A cluster random sampling method was used to select 1,933 residents from 18 to 70 years old in Chengdu in 2013 as the research object. Dietary information was collected using validated 24-h dietary recalls and dietary energy densities (total energy to total weight in kcal / g) were calculated. The height and weight of the surveyed subjects were measured by ultrasonic height and weight, and the body mass index (BMI) was further calculated. According to the Chinese Working Group on Obesity (WGOC) and the World Health Organization (WHO) standard is overweight obesity. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between dietary energy density and overweight and obesity. Results In men, dietary energy density was a risk factor for overweight and obesity when adopting the WGOC standard and controlling for confounding factors such as age, education level, per capita monthly household income, smoking status and MVPAEE (P < 0.05). There was no significant correlation between WHO and WHO (P> 0.05). In women, dietary energy density was a risk factor for overweight and obesity (both WGO and WHO criteria) (P <0.05). Conclusion Dietary energy density in adults in Chengdu is a risk factor for overweight and obesity.