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目的 分析HIV感染者/AIDS病人体内病毒复制和免疫功能变化及其与病程发展的关系。方法 应用定量RT-PCR、流式细胞计数和定量ELISA 方法分析55例HIV感染者（n=42）和AIDS病人（n=13）外周血血浆病毒载量、T淋巴细胞亚群和细胞因子浓度。结果 HIV感染者和 AIDS病人CD4细胞和血浆IL-2浓度低于正常人群（P<0.001）,血浆 sIL-2R、TNF-α、NPT浓度高于正常人群（P<0.01）;AIDS病人CD4细胞和IL-2浓度明显低于HIV感染者（P<0.001）,而血浆病毒载量、sIL、-2R、TNF-α、sTNFR-I、NPT浓度明显高于HIV感染者（P<0.01）,且随着CD4细胞水平降低呈明显上升趋势。CD4细胞、CD4/CD8比值和血浆IL-2水平随感染时间延长而不断下降,不同感染时间之间差异明显;机体感染HIV后CD4细胞年平均下降43/mm3,血浆sIL-2R、sTNFR-I、NPT年平均上升幅度分别为59.03pg/ml、38.69pg/ml、2.11ng/ml。各因素相关性分析显示:CD4细胞、CD4/CD8比值与感染时间,CD3、CD4、CD8细胞变化分别与血浆病毒载量、sTNFR-I、NPT之间有高度负直线相关性;而血浆sIL-2R分别与IL-6（P<0.001）、IL-10（P<0.001）、TNF-α（P<0.001）、sTNFR-I（P<0.005）、NPT（P<0.002）浓度变化间,以及IL-6与TNF-α（P<0.001）、NPT与IL-10（P<0.05）和 sTNFR-I（P<0.001）,?
Objective To analyze the changes of virus replication and immune function in HIV / AIDS patients and its relationship with the development of disease course. Methods The peripheral blood plasma viral load, T lymphocyte subsets and cytokine concentrations in 55 HIV-infected persons (n = 42) and AIDS patients (n = 13) were analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR, flow cytometry and quantitative ELISA . Results The levels of IL-2 in CD4 cells and plasma in HIV-infected and AIDS-infected patients were lower than those in normal controls (P <0.001). The concentrations of sIL-2R, TNF-α and NPT in plasma were higher than those in normal controls (P <0.01) (P <0.001), and the levels of plasma viral load, sIL, -2R, TNF-α, sTNFR-I and NPT were significantly higher than those of HIV-infected patients And with the CD4 cell levels decreased significantly increased. The CD4 cell, CD4 / CD8 ratio and plasma IL-2 level decreased with the prolongation of infection time, with significant difference between different infection times. The average annual CD4 cell count decreased 43 / mm3, the plasma levels of sIL-2R and sTNFR-I The average annual NPT increase was 59.03pg / ml, 38.69pg / ml and 2.11ng / ml, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that there was a highly negative linear correlation between CD4 cell, CD4 / CD8 ratio and infection time, CD3, CD4, CD8 cell population and plasma viral load, sTNFR-I and NPT, respectively. 2R were significantly different from those of IL-6 (P <0.001), IL-10 (P <0.001), TNF- α (P <0.001), sTNFR-I IL-6 and TNF-α (P <0.001), NPT and IL-10 (P <0.05) and sTNFR-I