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辐射育种是继农作物系统选育和杂交育种之后发展起来的一项育种手段。它具有提高变异率扩大变异谱,对变异了的性状稳定较快,可以缩短育种年限;处理方法简便,易为广大群众所掌握。因此,我们从1972年秋开始持续开展了小麦、水稻的辐射育种工作,先后初步育成了辐选科学6号、辐选103、辐选黑糯等水稻新品种,在生产上逐步使用。此外还育了辐选75～278、辐选75～277辐选75～331等有希望的小麦新品系。通过几年来的实践,使我们对如何搞好稻麦的辐射育种工作有了些认识和体会。
Radiation breeding is a breeding method developed after crop system breeding and crossbreeding. The method has the advantages of improving the mutation rate and enlarging the variation spectrum, and stabilizing the changed traits quickly and shortening the breeding years; the treatment method is simple and easy to grasp for the general public. Therefore, we started to carry out the radiation breeding work of wheat and rice from the autumn of 1972, and we have initially breed new varieties of rice such as Radiation Science No. 6, Radiation 103 and Radiation-black waxy, and gradually use them in production. In addition, some promising new wheat lines such as 75-278 radiation and 75-277-775-730 radiation were also bred. Through several years of practice, we have made some understanding and experience on how to improve the radiation and breeding of rice and wheat.