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目的了解2007-2010年合肥市0～6岁儿童血铅水平、分布特征及变化情况,为临床防治儿童铅中毒提供科学依据。方法采用随机整群抽样方法抽取门诊0～2岁儿童1 190名,幼儿园3～6岁儿童4 512名,总计抽取0～6岁儿童5 702名;采用原子吸收光谱法测定血铅水平。结果合肥市5 702名儿童血铅平均水平为(48.10±26.011)μg/L,高血铅检出率平均为2.37%;0～4岁组儿童高血铅检出率为2.00%,5～6岁组高血铅检出率为3.30%,两组间检出率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=11.779,P<0.05);男童高血铅检出率为3.00%,女童高血铅检出率为1.30%,男女性别差异有统计学意义(χ~2=16.626,P<0.05)。结论合肥市儿童的血铅水平低于我国中西部和北方部分城市,高于南方发达城市,应加强对环境干预和对儿童、家长的铅中毒防控的健康教育,定期开展对0～6岁儿童血铅水平监测。
Objective To understand the blood lead levels, distribution characteristics and changes of children aged 0 ~ 6 years in Hefei from 2007 to 2010 so as to provide a scientific basis for clinical prevention and control of lead poisoning in children. Methods A total of 1 190 children aged 0 ~ 2 years and 4 512 children aged 3 ~ 6 years were enrolled in the randomized cluster sampling. A total of 5 702 children aged 0 ~ 6 were drawn. Blood lead levels were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. Results The average level of blood lead of 5 702 children in Hefei was (48.10 ± 26.011) μg / L and the average detection rate of high blood lead was 2.37%. The detection rate of high blood lead in children aged 0-4 was 2.00% The detection rate of high blood lead in the 6-year-old group was 3.30%, the difference was significant between the two groups (χ ~ 2 = 11.779, P <0.05). The detection rate of high blood lead was 3.00% The detection rate of blood lead was 1.30%. The gender difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 16.626, P <0.05). Conclusion The level of blood lead in children in Hefei is lower than that in some cities in central west and northern part of China and higher than in developed cities in southern China. Health education should be strengthened for environmental intervention and lead poisoning prevention and control for children and parents. Blood lead levels in children.