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天然气水合物广泛存在于极地地区，通常与冻土带的近海和深海以及陆架和岛屿边缘密切相关。天然气水合物具有三个方面的研究意义：作为化石燃料具有很大的资源潜力；作为临界状态物质，具有水下地质灾害的潜在危害；作为有机碳库，对全球气候变化产生重要影响。气体水合物赋存于地表浅层2000米深度。由于气体水合物的不稳定性特征，温度和压力微小变化都将会造成水合物分解，发生地质灾害，如海底滑塌、滑坡，此类灾害在世界各地曾发生过多次，伴随灾害过程向大气排放大量甲烷，对全球气候变化产生一定影响。
Gas hydrates are widespread in the polar regions and are often closely related to the offshore and deep-sea tundra of the tundra and to the margins of continental shelf and islands. Gas hydrates have three research significance: they have great resource potential as fossil fuels; they are potentially dangerous underwater geological disasters as a critical state substance; and as an organic carbon pool, they have a significant impact on global climate change. Gas hydrate occurs in the superficial depth of 2000 meters. Due to the characteristics of gas hydrate instability, small changes in temperature and pressure will cause hydrate decomposition and geological disasters, such as seafloor slips and landslides. Such disasters have occurred many times in various parts of the world and accompanied by the process of disaster Atmospheric emissions of large amounts of methane, the global climate change have a certain impact.