论20世纪初道家思想对德国文学的影响——以黑塞《玻璃球游戏》为例

• 作 者: 孙小梅
• 机 构: 青岛大学外语学院德语系,
• 出 处: 青年文学家
• 发表日期: 2017年29期
• 关键词: 道家思想 德国文学 玻璃球游戏 乌托邦

道家思想是中国重要的哲学思想与宗教思想,体现了天地之间的联系及阴阳五行的世界观,对中国文化产生了重要影响。随着道家思想的广泛传播与不断发展,道家思想传入德国,为德国的文学家及其文学作品注入了新的思想血液,也为20世纪的西方世界提供了新的思想哲学。经历了战争的人们对于西方哲学的救赎失去了信心,转而把希望寄托在了东方哲学思想上。赫尔曼·黑塞的作品对道家思想进行了深刻的阐述。成书于1943年的《玻璃球游戏》用一系列象征和譬喻编制了一个哲学上的乌托邦构想,虚构了一个发生在二十世纪的未来世界的寓言。

Taoism is an important philosophical thought and religious thought in China. It reflects the connection between heaven and earth and the world view of the yin and yang. It has an important influence on Chinese culture. With the wide spread and continuous development of Taoism, the introduction of Taoism into Germany brought new ideas to German writers and their literary works, and provided a new ideological philosophy to the 20th century western world. Those who experienced the war lost their confidence in the salvation of Western philosophy and instead placed their hopes on the Oriental philosophical thoughts. Hermann Hesse’s work profoundly expounds Taoism. The Glassball game, written in 1943, uses a series of symbols and metaphors to develop a philosophical Utopian vision that fictures a parable of the future world that took place in the twentieth century.