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目的了解天津市五类重点公共场所、工作场所内的被动吸烟暴露情况,为制定有针对性的干预措施,实现重点场所的全面无烟提供依据。方法于2010年3-4月,对五类场所进行调查,包括医院25家,学校30家,政府机构23家,疾病预防控制(简称“疾控”)机构10家,公共交通场所5个,共计93家,在场所内采用方便抽样的方式选取调查对象,通过一对一面对面问卷调查,共调查1 860人。结果现在吸烟率为22.2%,男性为43.26%,女性为2.78%。不同类型场所人员的吸烟率分别为医院22.8%,学校13.0%,政府机构26.3%,疾控机构33.0%,公共交通场所33.0%。吸烟者调查当天在被调查场所内吸烟的比例为41.26%,有500人(26.88%)在调查当天看到有其他人在本场所吸烟。50.1%的人员每周都暴露于被动吸烟危害之中,其中有18.2%的人每周被动吸烟暴露时间超过5天。结论虽然重点场所人群整体吸烟状况有所好转,但是,整体吸烟率仍处于较高水平;公众对禁烟规定的知晓和执行情况较差,二手烟暴露情况依旧十分严重。为早日实现重点场所全面无烟,政府及各部门、场所应积极采取措施,控制烟草烟雾危害。
Objective To understand the situation of passive smoking exposure in five key public places and workplaces in Tianjin, and to provide targeted interventions to achieve a comprehensive non-smoking basis for key places. Methods From March to April 2010, five types of places were surveyed, including 25 hospitals, 30 schools, 23 government agencies, 10 disease prevention and control institutions (“CDC”), 5 public transportation facilities A total of 93 were selected within the premises by means of convenient sampling. Through a one-on-one face-to-face questionnaire survey, a total of 1,860 people were surveyed. The results now smoking rate was 22.2%, 43.26% for men and 2.78% for women. Smoking rates of staff of different types were 22.8% in hospitals, 13.0% in schools, 26.3% in government agencies, 33.0% in CDC and 33.0% in public transport. The proportion of smokers who smoked in the surveyed places was 41.26% on the survey day, and 500 (26.88%) saw other people smoking on the survey day. Fifty per cent of people are exposed to passive smoking every week, 18.2% of whom are exposed to passive smoking for more than 5 days a week. Conclusions Although the overall smoking status of the population in key places has been improved, the overall smoking rate is still at a high level. The public is not aware of and enforced the smoking ban and the exposure of second-hand smoke is still very serious. In order to achieve a comprehensive smoke-free workplace at an early date, the government and departments and agencies should take active measures to control the harm caused by tobacco smoke.