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一、导言随着国共两党共同领导的北伐战争的胜利进军,肇始于广东的农民运动如暴风骤雨,迅猛异常地向全国蔓延。1926年6月,在中国共产党领导下,广东、湖南、湖北、江西、河南、陕西、四川、广西、福建、安徽、江苏、浙江等17个省、200多个县成立了农民协会,会员达915万多人。“农民的主要攻击目标是土豪劣绅、不法地主,旁及各种宗法的思想和制度、城里的贪官污吏、乡村的恶劣习惯。这个攻击的形势,简直是急风暴雨,顺之者存,违之者灭。其结果,把几千年封建地主的特权,打得个落花流水。地主的体面威风,扫地以尽。地主权力既倒,农会便成了唯一的权力机关,真正办到了人们所谓‘一切权力归农会’。”广大农民组织农会起来造反,搅醒了地主绅
I. INTRODUCTION With the victory of the Northern Expedition under the joint leadership of the KMT and the CPC, the peasant movement originated in Guangdong, such as a violent thunderstorm, rapidly and anomalously spread to the entire country. In June 1926, under the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party, peasant associations were established in more than 200 counties in Guangdong, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Henan, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Guangxi, Fujian, Anhui, Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. More than 9.15 million people. “The main target of the peasants are the tyrants and evil gentry, the unscrupulous landlords, the ideology and institutions of various patriarchal clans, corrupt officials in the cities, and the bad habits of the country. The situation of this attack is simply an emergency, As a result, the privilege of the feudal landlords for thousands of years was deprived of the privileges and demerits of the landlords, and the landowner’s demeanor was swept out of his land. As the landowner’s power fell and the peasant association became the only organ of power, ’All power belongs to the peasant association.’ ”The vast peasant organizations rebelled together and stirred up the landlord gentry