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目的:探讨肝细胞核因子（HNF）1α在慢性乙型肝炎患者肝组织中的表达与肝组织炎症和纤维化发生、发展的关系。方法:选择2011年至2018年诊治的慢性乙型肝炎患者64例，患者均已在超声引导下行肝穿刺活组织检查术，收集其肝穿刺病理学结果进行炎症分级及纤维化分期；收集穿刺肝组织蜡块进行切片，采用免疫组织化学染色法检测HNF1α在肝组织中的表达情况。双向有序分组资料采用Mantel-Haenszel χn 2检验，等级相关性分析采用Spearman等级秩相关性检验。n 结果:慢性乙型肝炎患者肝组织呈现出不同程度的炎症坏死及纤维化，HNF1α表达与肝组织炎症水平分级存在线性关系（χn 2MH = 40.70，n P < 0.05），慢性乙型肝炎患者肝组织炎症水平越高，HNF1α在肝组织中的表达越弱，HNF1α表达强度与炎症分级呈负相关（ n rs = -0.815，n P < 0.05）；HNF1α表达与肝组织纤维化程度分期存在线性关系（χ n 2MH = 31.95，n P < 0.05），随着肝纤维化程度加重，HNF1α在肝组织中的表达水平逐渐降低，HNF1α表达强度与纤维化分期呈负相关（ n rs = -0.713，n P < 0.05）。n 结论:HNF1α与肝组织炎症及纤维化的发生、发展密切相关，有望成为评价慢性乙型肝炎患者肝组织炎症及纤维化水平的敏感指标，其表达下调可能参与了肝脏炎症及肝纤维化发生、发展的过程，有可能成为慢性肝炎治疗的新靶点。“,”Objective:To investigate the relationship between the expression of hepatocyte nuclear factor-1 α (HNF-1α) and the occurrence and development of liver inflammation and fibrosis in liver tissues of patients with chronic hepatitis B.Methods:Sixty-four patients with chronic hepatitis B who were diagnosed and treated in our hospital from 2011 to 2018 were selected. All patients underwent ultrasound-guided aspiration liver biopsy. The pathological results of liver biopsy were collected for inflammation grading and fibrosis staging. The liver puncture biopsies was collected by paraffin sectioning. The expression of HNF1α in the liver tissue was detected by immunohistochemical staining. Mantel-Haenszeln χ2 test was used for bidirectional ordered grouping data, and Spearman’s rank-correlation test was used for rank correlation analysis.n Results:There were varying degrees of inflammatory necrosis and fibrosis in the liver tissues of patients with chronic hepatitis B. There was a linear relationship between the expression of HNF1α and the level of inflammation in liver tissues (n χ2MH = 40.70, n P < 0.05). The expression of HNF1α in liver tissues of patients with chronic hepatitis B was decreased with the increase of liver inflammation. The expression intensity of HNF1α was negatively correlated with the inflammation grade ( n rs = -0.815, n P < 0.05). There was a linear relationship between the expressions of HNF1α and the degree and stage of liver fibrosis ( n χ2MH = 31.95, n P < 0.05). The expression level of HNF1α in liver tissue was gradually decreased with the aggravation of liver fibrosis. The expression intensity of HNF1α was negatively correlated with fibrosis stage ( n rs = -0.713, n P < 0.05).n Conclusion:HNF1α is closely related to the occurrence and development of liver tissue inflammation and fibrosis, and is expected to be a sensitive indicator for evaluating the level of liver tissue inflammation and fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B. In addition, its down-regulation may be involved in the process of occurrence and development of liver inflammation and liver fibrosis, and may become a new target for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B.