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目的:了解安徽省农村已婚育龄妇女的生殖系统疾病和乳腺疾病的患病现况,为制定生殖健康促进计划提供科学依据。方法:在保证市级代表性基础上,分层、整群抽取53 652名18～49岁农村已婚育龄妇女,采用先集中后入户的调查方式进行生殖系统疾病和乳腺疾病相关问题问卷调查、盆腔和乳腺检查及实验室检查。结果:农村已婚育龄妇女生殖系统疾病的患病率为58.1%,主要为宫颈糜烂(35.3%)、宫颈肥大(24.3%)、细菌性阴道病(12.0%)和各种阴道炎(9.1%),宫颈癌的患病率为0.1%。乳腺疾病的患病率为10.7%,其中乳腺增生症患病率最高(9.4%),其次为乳管内乳头状瘤、纤维腺瘤,分别占0.6%和0.5%,乳腺癌的患病率为0.03%。统计分析结果显示,妇女及丈夫年龄为30～44岁、职业为农民、初中及以上文化程度、家庭年均收入为>8 000～10 000元、月经初潮年龄为15～16周岁、月经周期≤24天、经量中等、痛经、初产年龄≥25周岁、总生育次数≥2次、产后超过2个月开始性生活、采取避孕措施、无引产和流产史的妇女生殖系统疾病和乳腺疾病的患病率较高,且有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。结论:安徽省农村育龄妇女生殖系统疾病患病率较高,应将生殖健康促进计划纳入各级政府规划,促进人口和计划生育工作健康发展。
Objective: To understand the prevalence of reproductive system diseases and breast diseases in married women of reproductive age in rural areas of Anhui Province, and to provide a scientific basis for formulating reproductive health promotion plans. Methods: 53 652 rural married women of childbearing age from 18 to 49 years old were stratified and stratified according to the representativeness of city level. Questionnaire of reproductive system diseases and breast diseases , Pelvic and breast examinations and laboratory tests. Results: The prevalence of reproductive diseases in married women of childbearing age in rural areas was 58.1%, mainly cervical erosion (35.3%), cervical hypertrophy (24.3%), bacterial vaginosis (12.0%) and various vaginitis (9.1% ), The prevalence of cervical cancer is 0.1%. The prevalence of breast disease was 10.7%, of which the highest prevalence of breast hyperplasia (9.4%), followed by intraductal papilloma, fibroadenoma, accounting for 0.6% and 0.5% respectively, the prevalence of breast cancer was 0.03%. The results of statistical analysis showed that the age of women and husbands ranged from 30 to 44 years old, and their occupations were farmer, middle school and above. The average annual household income was> 8000 to 10 000 yuan, and the age of menarche was 15-16 years old. The menstrual cycle ≤ 24 days, menstrual flow, dysmenorrhea, primiparous age ≥25 years, total fertility ≥2 times, sexual activity more than 2 months after delivery, contraceptive measures, reproductive system and abortion without maternity and abortion The prevalence was higher and statistically significant (all P <0.01). Conclusion: The prevalence of reproductive system diseases among rural women of childbearing age in Anhui Province is relatively high. The reproductive health promotion program should be included in government planning at all levels to promote the healthy development of population and family planning work.