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对于“国防一名词,盖有二种不同之含义:一为国家对于防御外敌之设施,属于军事方面者为多;一为国家对于建设基础之稳固,属于政教方面者为多”~([1])。一般谈到国防,就想到它的物质方面,即军备而已,尤其是近代以来,科学发展,一谈到国防,便讲究怎样利用声光化电来制造最有效能的杀人武器。国防的精神要素,即“同仇敌忾的民族精神”~([2]1),却为很多人所忽视。经济建设和文化复兴可以说是国防根本要义,文化复兴是精神上的价值。抗战中国防教育之重要,受到了政府的强调。1938年3月,南京国民政府教育部长陈立
As for the term “national defense,” there are two different meanings: one is the state’s facilities for defending foreign enemies and the other is a military one; and the other is that the state has a solid foundation for its construction and is politically and religiously responsible. “ [1]). When it comes to national defense, the development of science, especially in modern times, has been paid attention to how to use sound-light electricity to manufacture the most effective weapon for killing. The spiritual element of national defense, that is, ”the national spirit of the same enemy" [2] 1, is neglected by many people. Economic construction and cultural rejuvenation can be regarded as the fundamental essence of national defense. Cultural rejuvenation is a spiritual value. The importance of China’s anti-Japanese war against Japan was emphasized by the government. March 1938, Nanjing National Government Minister of Education Chen Li