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以脱油沥青(DOA)为碳源,氯化铁为催化剂,在氩气和氢气的混合气氛下利用化学气相沉积法(CVD)制备了不同形貌的气相生长炭纤维(VGCFs)。讨论了在温度为1100℃时,不同的反应时间(分别为10min,20min,25min,30min和40min)对产物形貌和结构的影响。利用场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)、X-射线衍射(XRD)和拉曼(Raman)光谱,对不同工艺参数下合成的产物进行了结构表征。结果表明:随着反应时间的增加,气相生长炭纤维的形貌由弯曲变得相对平直,进而相互贯穿;当反应时间为10min和20min时,气相生长炭纤维的直径分布在1.0μm～1.2μm之间;当反应时间为25min,30min和40min时,气相生长炭纤维的直径分布范围分别为250nm～300nm,350nm～400nm,700nm～800nm。另外,还观察到了V型的气相生长炭纤维。
Vapor-phase growth carbon fibers (VGCFs) with different morphologies were prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) under the mixed atmosphere of argon and hydrogen using deoiled pitch (DOA) as carbon source and ferric chloride as catalyst. The effects of different reaction time (10min, 20min, 25min, 30min and 40min respectively) on the morphology and structure of the product were discussed at a temperature of 1100 ℃. The products synthesized under different technological parameters were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. The results show that with the increase of reaction time, the morphology of vapor-grown carbon fibers becomes relatively flat and then penetrates through each other. When the reaction time is 10 min and 20 min, the diameter of vapor-grown carbon fibers is between 1.0 μm and 1.2 μm. When the reaction time is 25min, 30min and 40min, the diameter distribution of the vapor grown carbon fibers is 250nm ~ 300nm, 350nm ~ 400nm, 700nm ~ 800nm. In addition, V-type vapor grown carbon fibers were also observed.