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目的探讨澄江县伤寒、副伤寒流行特征,制定有效的控制措施。方法对澄江县2000～2010年伤寒疫情报告及流行病学调查资料进行分析。结果 2000～2010年澄江县共报告伤寒、副伤寒病人2077例,无死亡病例,年均发病率为120.68/10万。发病具有明显的季节性;年龄主要集中在15～50岁年龄段,占68.66%(1426/2077);农民和中、小学生是主要的发病人群,分别占58.45%(1214/2077)、20.70%(430/2077);坝区乡镇伤寒、副伤寒发病率高于山区乡镇;临床特征不典型;近6年该县以甲型副伤寒发病为主。结论加强发热及疑似病例的监测,规范、隔离、治疗病人,保障饮水安全,以加强健康教育,提高人群防病意识,是控制澄江县的伤寒、副伤寒疫情的重要措施。
Objective To investigate the epidemic characteristics of typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever in Chengjiang County and to develop effective control measures. Methods The typhoid epidemic situation report and epidemiological survey data of Chengjiang County from 2000 to 2010 were analyzed. Results A total of 2077 cases of typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever were reported in Chengjiang County from 2000 to 2010. There were no deaths and the average annual incidence was 120.68 / 100,000. The incidence was significantly seasonal. The age was mainly in the age group of 15-50 years old, accounting for 68.66% (1426/2077). Peasants and primary and secondary school students were the major pathogens, accounting for 58.45% (1214/2077) and 20.70% (430/2077). The incidence of typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever in towns and villages in dam area was higher than that in mountainous areas. The clinical features were not typical. Conclusion It is an important measure to control the epidemic of typhoid and paratyphoid in Chengjiang County by strengthening the monitoring of fever and suspected cases, standardizing, isolating and treating patients, ensuring drinking water safety, strengthening health education and improving people’s awareness of disease prevention.