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目的了解龙海市农村居民健康素养水平,分析影响因素,为制定改进措施提供依据。方法用多层多阶段整群抽样法,采用入户询问和现场自填方式对龙海市3个乡镇的270名农村居民进行问卷调查。用“全国居民健康素养监测调查问卷”调查,用卫生部《首次中国居民健康素养调查报告》的分类测评。结果龙海市农村居民健康素养具备率为5.6%,由高到低分别为安全与急救34.3%、科学健康观28.4%、传染病防治10.5%、慢性病防治4.5%和基本医疗2.2%。年龄20~29岁健康素养最高,≥60岁的老年人最低;随着文化程度的提高,健康素养具备率也提高;男性安全与急救具备率(42.2%)高于女性(27.1%)。结论龙海市农村居民健康素养知识水平总体较低,应进行有针对性的健康教育,逐步提高农村居民健康素养水平。
Objective To understand the health literacy level of rural residents in Longhai, analyze the influencing factors and provide the basis for making improvement measures. Methods A multistage multistage cluster sampling method was used to survey 270 rural residents in 3 townships in Longhai City by means of household interrogation and on-site self-filling. With the “National Health Literacy Surveillance Survey” survey, with the Ministry of Health “for the first time China’s health literacy survey report” of the classification evaluation. Results The health literacy rate of rural residents in Longhai City was 5.6%, 34.3% for safety and first aid, 28.4% for scientific health, 10.5% for communicable diseases, 4.5% for chronic diseases and 2.2% for basic medical care. The health literacy rate is the highest between the ages of 20 and 29, and the lowest is 60 or older. With the improvement of educational level, the health literacy rate also increases. The rate of safety and first aid (42.2%) in males is higher than that in females (27.1%). Conclusion The knowledge level of health literacy of rural residents in Longhai City is generally low, and targeted health education should be carried out to improve the health literacy level of rural residents step by step.