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会话中的省略形式灵活多变。本文指出会话中保留的核心成分为焦点成分 ,其他成分保留与否和其距焦点的远近有关 ,距焦点越近保留的机率越大 ,反之机率则越小 ,这便是焦点控制原则。焦点控制原则有时也会受到句法和语义的影响 ,主要有三种表现 :1.在完整句中句法位置不是十分固定的成分 ,保留时次序也就不十分固定。 2 .只要助动词保留 ,与其相呼应的实义动词即可保留 ,反之亦然。 3 .当保留成分是谓词性词语时 ,主语满足了一定的语义条件后 ,也可以保留
Ellipsis in conversations is flexible. This article points out that the core component of the conversation is the focus component, whether the other components are retained or not, and the distance from the focus, the greater the probability of retention from the focus and the less the probability of the other, which is the principle of focus control. The principle of focus control is sometimes influenced by syntax and semantics. There are mainly three manifestations: 1. Syntactic positions in complete sentences are not very fixed components, and the order of reservation is not very fixed. As long as the auxiliaries are retained, the verb equivalent to them is retained, and vice versa. When the reserved component is a predicate word, the subject can also retain some semantic conditions