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不同氮营养水平对高油玉米吉油一号籽粒产量、蛋白质、氨基酸和油脂的影响的研究表明,不同氮营养水平对高油玉米籽粒产量影响较大,施氮增产10.5%～22.9%。在本试验条件下的经济最佳施氮(N)量为180.3 kg·ha-1。不同施氮水平较不施氮均能明显增加高油玉米籽粒蛋白质及其组分中醇溶蛋白和谷蛋白含量,分别增加7.1%～13.3%(平均10.6%)、22.1%～39.1%(平均29.9%)和25.0%～40.7%(平均35.0%),其中施氮175 kg·ha-1时蛋白质含量最高(10.75%),施氮125 kg·ha-1时蛋白质品质相对较好(谷醇比相对较高,醇溶蛋白占蛋白质比例相对较低)。不同施氮水平较不施氮均能明显增加高油玉米籽粒氨基酸总量和必需氨基酸总量,分别增加11.9%～20.3%(平均17.3%)和12.4%～20.4%(平均17.1%),其中施氮175 kg·ha-1时氨基酸总量(11.50%)和必需氨基酸总量(4.19%)均相对较高。适量施氮能增加高油玉米籽粒油脂含量及不饱和脂肪酸、亚油酸和油酸含量,其中施氮175～225 kg·ha-1时籽粒油分、不饱和脂肪酸、亚油酸和油酸含量均较高,较不施氮分别增加7.0%～7.5%,7.4%～8.3%、7.0%～8.5%和8.1%～8.4%,而过量施氮会明显降低籽粒油分、不饱和脂肪酸、亚油酸和油酸含量。
The effects of different N nutrition levels on grain yield, protein, amino acids and oil content of high-oil corn Jiyou No.1 showed that different N levels had a great effect on the grain yield of high oil corn, and the yield of nitrogen increased 10.5% -22.9%. The optimum economic nitrogen (N) content under this experimental condition is 180.3 kg · ha-1. The levels of gliadin and gluten in kernels and kernels of high-oil maize increased significantly by 7.1% -13.3% (average 10.6%) and 22.1% -39.1% (average 29.9% and 25.0% -40.7% respectively (average 35.0%). The highest protein content (10.75%) was obtained when nitrogen application rate was 175 kg · ha-1 and the protein quality was relatively good Ratio is relatively high, the ratio of prolamin to protein is relatively low). Compared with no nitrogen application, the nitrogen and nitrogen levels increased 11.9% -20.3% (average 17.3%) and 12.4% -20.4% (average 17.1%), respectively The total amount of amino acids (11.50%) and the total amount of essential amino acids (4.19%) were relatively high at nitrogen application rate of 175 kg · ha-1. Appropriate amounts of nitrogen could increase the oil content and the contents of unsaturated fatty acids, linoleic acid and oleic acid in high-oil corn grain, and the contents of oil, unsaturated fatty acids, linoleic acid and oleic acid in 175-225 kg · ha-1 nitrogen application Were higher than that of non-N application, increasing 7.0% -7.5%, 7.4% -8.3%, 7.0% -8.5% and 8.1% -8.4% respectively. However, excessive nitrogen application could significantly reduce the grain oil, unsaturated fatty acid, Acid and oleic acid content.