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国际分工乃指各国间的劳动分工或国际专业化生产,是社会分工越出国家界限的结果。在资本主义以前的几个社会形态中,由于生产力水平低下,仅存在不发达的自然分工与社会分工。只有进入资本主义阶段,特别是18世纪末机器大工业的建立,强大的生产力才有可能使得社会分工发展成为国际分工。资本主义国际分工的形成与发展,必然导致商品交换、生产资本、金融活动、劳动流动等的国际化,各国间经济贸易联系日益加强。
International division of labor refers to the division of labor among all nations or the production of international specialization. It is the result of the social division of labor that goes beyond the boundaries of the state. In the few previous social forms of capitalism, there was only underdeveloped natural division of labor and social division of labor due to the low level of productive forces. Only by entering the stage of capitalism, especially the establishment of machine-large industries at the end of the eighteenth century, can a strong productivity make it possible for social division of labor to develop into an international division of labor. The formation and development of the international division of labor in capitalism inevitably lead to the internationalization of commodity exchange, productive capital, financial activities and labor mobility, and the economic and trade ties between the two countries are increasingly strengthened.