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长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）是一类长度>200个核苷酸的非编码RNA，他们可以在表观遗传、转录和翻译水平上调节基因的表达，并协调和整合多种信号通路参与细胞的分化、增殖、稳态和器官发育。研究表明，lncRNA可能通过调节血管平滑肌细胞、内皮细胞的增殖、迁移、凋亡等，从而对预防和减少血管系统疾病的发生起到作用。笔者就lncRNA与血管疾病关系及机制研究进展予以综述。“,”Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs with a length more than 200 nucleotides. hTey regulate gene expressions at epigenetic, transcriptional, and translational levels, and coordinate and integrate multiple signaling pathways involving cellular differentiation, proliferation, homeostasis and organ development. Researches showed that LncRNAs may play a role in preventing and reducing the occurrence of vascular diseases by regulating the proliferation, migration and apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells. Here, the authors address the research progress in relationship between lncRNAs and vascular diseases as well as the mechanisms.