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目的了解中国西部5省城乡居民艾滋病防控知识的知晓及影响因素。方法采用分层随机抽样方法抽取电话号码,调查内蒙古、四川、甘肃、青海、宁夏5省份的城、乡15~60岁的常住居民,询问其一般人口学特征、艾滋病防控相关知识知晓情况。结果调查5省城乡居民2 653人,艾滋病知识知晓率为77.3%,不同省份调查对象的艾滋病基本知识知晓率在49.1%~88.0%。西部5省居民政策知晓率为92.7%;城市、低年龄组、高文化程度的居民知识和政策知晓率明显高于其他组(P<0.01);多因素分析结果显示,居住在农村(OR=0.770)、文化程度低(OR=0.182、0.344、0.436)、居住在四川省(OR=0.260)是西部5省居民艾滋病防控知识知晓的危险因素,年龄31~45岁(OR=1.455)、居住在甘肃(OR=2.213)、宁夏(OR=1.912)和内蒙古(OR=2.305)是其保护因素。结论在中西部不发达地区,应根据人群特点,有针对性地开展行之有效的艾滋病健康教育。
Objective To understand the knowledge and influencing factors of HIV / AIDS prevention and control among urban and rural residents in five provinces in western China. Methods The stratified random sampling method was used to extract telephone numbers and to investigate the residents aged 15-60 in urban and rural areas of Inner Mongolia, Sichuan, Gansu, Qinghai and Ningxia provinces and to inquire about their general demographic characteristics and knowledge of AIDS prevention and control. Results A total of 2 653 urban and rural residents were surveyed in five provinces. The awareness rate of AIDS knowledge was 77.3%. The awareness rate of HIV / AIDS among different provinces was between 49.1% and 88.0%. The awareness rate of residents in five provinces in western China was 92.7%, and that of residents in urban, lower age group and higher education level was significantly higher than that in other groups (P <0.01). Multivariate analysis showed that residents living in rural areas (OR = (OR = 0.270), lower education level (OR = 0.182,0.344,0.436), and living in Sichuan Province (OR = 0.260) were risk factors for knowledge of HIV / AIDS prevention and control among 5 provinces in western China. Living in Gansu (OR = 2.213), Ningxia (OR = 1.912) and Inner Mongolia (OR = 2.305) were protective factors. Conclusion In the underdeveloped central and western regions, effective AIDS health education should be carried out in a targeted manner according to the characteristics of the population.