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小麦起源于亚洲西部。在西亚和西南亚一带,至今还分布有野生一粒小麦、野生二粒小麦及节节麦。栽培小麦是人类对野生小麦长期驯化的产物,从新石器时代至今已有万年以上的历史。据考古发现,中亚广大地区在史前原始社会居民点上残留着野生与栽培小麦的实物。栽培小麦产生后,从西亚、中东一带向西传入欧洲和非洲,向东传入印度、阿富汗和中国,又经中国传入朝鲜和日本。15～17世纪,小麦传入南、北美洲。18世纪传入大洋洲。至今,小麦分布十分广阔,北自北纬67°的北欧,南至阿根廷的南纬45°地区均有栽种。在世界各种农作物中,小麦的栽培面积和总产量均属
Wheat originated in western Asia. In Western Asia and Southwest Asia, there is still distributed a wild wheat, wild two wheat and nodular. Cultivation of wheat is the product of long-term domestication of wild wheat by humans and has been in existence for more than a thousand years since the Neolithic period. According to archeological findings, the vast areas of Central Asia have the remains of wild and cultivated wheat in prehistoric primitive social settlements. After the cultivated wheat was produced, it was spread westwards into Europe and Africa from West Asia and the Middle East, and spread eastwards to India, Afghanistan and China, and then to North Korea and Japan through China. From the 15th to the 17th century, wheat was introduced into South and North America. 18th century Oceania. To date, wheat is widely distributed in the north from northern Europe at 67 ° north and south at 45 ° south of Argentina. In all kinds of crops in the world, the cultivated area and the total output of wheat belong