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空心树是森林生态系统的重要结构组分,它在维持森林动物群落的物种多样性方面起着重要作用。选取西双版纳20 hm~2热带森林动态监测样地为研究对象,采用地面观测法调查了样地内所有胸径≥5 cm的活体乔木,研究热带森林主要空心树形成概率及其影响因素。运用逻辑斯蒂回归模型探讨空心树形成概率与胸径的关系;再结合地形数据,拟合空心树形成概率的最优模型。结果表明:该样地森林的空心树形成概率与物种有关,空心树形成概率最高的4个种分别是红锥(Castanopsis hystrix)(21.23%)、黑毛柿(Diospyros hasseltii)(13.53%)、毛猴欢喜(Sloanea tomentosa)(12.06%)和短刺锥(C.echidnocarpa)(11.99%);空心树形成概率随着树木胸径的增加而增加,相同径阶下各树种空心树形成概率不同;根据拟合的最优模型,空心树形成概率主要受胸径、坡度、坡向的影响。这些结果表明,空心树形成概率不仅与树木本身的生长有关,还受到地形因子的影响。提出对热带森林多样性的保护与管理的建议。
Hollow tree is an important structural component of forest ecosystem and plays an important role in maintaining the species diversity of forest fauna. In this study, 20 hm ~ 2 tropical forest dynamic monitoring plots in Xishuangbanna were selected as the research objects. All the arbor trees with diameter of 5 cm or more were surveyed by ground observation method to study the formation probability and influencing factors of the main hollow tree in tropical forests. Logistic regression model was used to explore the relationship between the probability of hollow tree formation and the diameter at breast height. Then, the optimal model of probability of hollow tree fitting was fitted with the data of the terrain. The results showed that the probability of hollow tree formation in this forest was related to species. The four species with the highest probability of hollow tree formation were Castanopsis hystrix (21.23%), Diospyros hasseltii (13.53%), Sloanea tomentosa (12.06%) and C. echinocarpa (11.99%) showed that the probability of hollow tree formation increased with the increase of DBH, and the probability of forming hollow tree was different among trees with the same diameter. According to the best fitting model, the probability of hollow tree formation is mainly affected by DBH, slope and aspect. These results show that the probability of hollow tree formation is not only related to the growth of the trees themselves, but also influenced by the topographic factors. Proposed protection and management of tropical forest diversity.