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目的评价舌下含服粉尘螨滴剂在儿童哮喘中的作用,为临床治疗提供有效途径。方法 2009年10-12月福州儿童医院变态反应科门诊110例6~14岁非急性发作期轻-中度过敏性哮喘儿童,随机分成实验组和对照组各55例。实验组采用舌下含服粉尘螨滴剂联合吸入激素规范化治疗,对照组仅采用吸入激素规范化治疗方案。随访两年,比较两组治疗前后呼吸道感染次数、哮喘发作次数、儿童误学天数、肺功能FEV1%、FEF25%、FEF50%结果和吸入激素剂量。结果 1)治疗前实验组和对照组肺功能(FEV1%、FEF25%、FEF50%)差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后实验组肺功能各指标较对照组明显升高(P<0.05);实验组治疗后肺功能各指标较治疗前明显升高(P<0.05);2)治疗后实验组呼吸道感染次数、哮喘发作次数、儿童误学天数较对照组明显减少(P<0.05);3)治疗后实验组吸入激素剂量较对照组明显减少(χ2=9.072,P=0.028)。结论舌下含服粉尘螨滴剂联合吸入激素规范化治疗效果优于单用吸入激素。
Objective To evaluate the role of sublingual dust mite drops in children with asthma and provide an effective way for clinical treatment. Methods From October to December 2009, 110 children with mild-moderate allergic asthma in non-acute exacerbation of 6-14 years old from Fuzhou Children’s Hospital Department of Allergy were randomly divided into experimental group and control group of 55 cases. The experimental group with sublingual dust mite drops combined with inhaled steroid therapy, the control group only with inhaled corticosteroid regimen. The patients were followed up for two years. The number of respiratory infections, the number of asthma attacks, the number of days of child misdiagnosis, pulmonary function FEV1%, FEF25%, FEF50% and inhaled hormone dose were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Results 1) Before treatment, the pulmonary function (FEV1%, FEF25%, FEF50%) in experimental group and control group had no significant difference (P> 0.05). After treatment, the indexes of pulmonary function in experimental group were significantly higher than those in control group (P < 0.05). The indexes of pulmonary function in experimental group were significantly higher than those before treatment (P <0.05); 2) The number of respiratory tract infection, the number of asthma attacks and the number of days of erroneous study in experimental group were significantly lower than those in control group after treatment (P <0.05) ); 3) After treatment, the experimental group inhaled hormone dose was significantly reduced compared with the control group (χ2 = 9.072, P = 0.028). Conclusion The sublingual administration of dust mite drops combined with inhaled hormones better than the single use of inhaled corticosteroids.