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目的:厦门市湖里区是全国慢性病防治改革试点地区。本研究旨在调查厦门市湖里区常住居民中与心血管疾病相关的危险因素——高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症和肥胖慢性病的发病情况,并探讨合适的社区健康管理模式。方法:采用按比例分层随机抽样方法,调查在厦门市湖里区居住时间>6个月的≥18周岁的常住居民的高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症和肥胖患病率以及社区健康管理现状。结果:本次抽样调查的时间为2013年7月,共抽取得到3 300例研究对象,获得3 240份有效问卷,有效应答率为98.18%。其中,男性1 583例(48.86%),女性1 657例(51.14%)。总的高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症和肥胖患病率分别为21.36%、5.31%、4.48%和10.74%。男性高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症和肥胖患病率分别为22.30%、6.51%、7.08%和8.09%,女性分别为20.46%、4.16%、1.99%和13.28%。本研究样本中,至少接受过1项健康管理干预的慢性病患者占9.26%(300/3 240)。结论:厦门市湖里区常住居民的慢性病患病率高于中国的平均水平,表明心血管疾病危险因素在厦门市湖里区常住居民中呈现出一定的流行。实施社区健康管理有助于防治慢性病,改善患者康复效果,同时减轻经济和家庭负担。
Objective: Huli District, Xiamen City, is a national chronic disease prevention and reform pilot areas. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of cardiovascular disease-related risk factors for hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia and obesity among residents in Huli district of Xiamen City and to explore appropriate community health management models. METHODS: Hierarchical random sampling was used to investigate the prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and obesity in ≥18 years of age resident in Huli district of Xiamen for> 6 months and community health management status quo. Results: The sample survey was conducted in July 2013. A total of 3 300 study subjects were obtained, 3 240 valid questionnaires were obtained, and the effective response rate was 98.18%. Among them, 1 583 (48.86%) were male and 1 657 (51.14%) were female. The prevalence rates of total hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and obesity were 21.36%, 5.31%, 4.48% and 10.74% respectively. The prevalence rates of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and obesity were 22.30%, 6.51%, 7.08% and 8.09% in males and 20.46%, 4.16%, 1.99% and 13.28% in females respectively. In this study, 9.26% (300/3 240) of patients with at least one chronic health-care intervention have chronic diseases. Conclusion: The prevalence of chronic diseases in Huli District of Xiamen City is higher than the average level in China, indicating that the risk factors of cardiovascular disease are prevalent in Huli District, Xiamen. Implementing community health management can help combat chronic conditions and improve patient rehabilitation while reducing economic and family burdens.