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目的 应用ＳＰＥＣＴ评价高压氧（ＨＢＯ）对新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病（ＨＩＥ）的疗效并探讨其治疗机制。方法 研究对象为３４ 例新生儿，分为正常新生儿组３ 例，ＨＢＯ 组ＨＩＥ患儿２０ 例和对照组ＨＩＥ患儿１１例。正常新生儿在出生后５～８ 天内进行１次ＳＰＥＣＴ检查作为比较。两组ＨＩＥ患儿分别在治疗前和治疗后各接受一次ＳＰＥＣＴ检查。结果 治疗前３１ 例ＨＩＥ患儿ＳＰＥＣＴ示有４６ 个大小不同的局灶性血流灌注低下区和功能缺损。ＨＢＯ组ＨＩＥ患儿经１～２ 个疗程的ＨＢＯ治疗后，脑内原有局灶性血流灌注低下区和功能缺损缩小或消失。对照组的ＨＩＥ患儿虽也有一定好转，但恢复程度不及ＨＢＯ组，两组之间的疗效有非常显著性差异（Ｐ＜ ０．０１）。结论 ＨＢＯ治疗ＨＩＥ患儿疗效显著，其机制可能主要是通过增加脑组织局部血流灌注和含氧量，改善脑细胞的缺氧状态，激发脑细胞的活性，促进损伤脑细胞的修复
Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) by SPECT and to explore its therapeutic mechanism. Methods The subjects were 34 newborns, divided into 3 groups of normal neonates, 20 HIE children in HBO group and 11 HIE children in control group. Normal newborns 1 to 5 days after birth, a SPECT examination for comparison. Two groups of HIE children underwent SPECT before and after treatment respectively. Results Before the treatment of 31 cases of HIE children SPECT showed 46 different sizes of focal hypoflow area and functional impairment. HBO group of children with HIE after 1 to 2 courses of HBO treatment, the brain of the original focal hypoperfusion area and functional impairment narrowed or disappeared. Although the control group of HIE children also have some improvement, but the extent of recovery is less than HBO group, the efficacy between the two groups have a very significant difference (P <0.01). Conclusion HBO treatment of children with HIE significant effect, the mechanism may be mainly by increasing local blood flow perfusion and oxygen content of brain tissue to improve brain cell hypoxia, stimulate brain cell activity and promote the repair of injured brain cells