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采用有限元模拟软件FORGE-3D,对径向锻造轴类件工艺参数进行数值模拟研究。分析不同径向压下量、夹头转速和轴向进给速度对锻透性和生产效率的影响。结果表明:锻造过程中,径向压下量越小、夹头转速越高和轴向进给速度越慢,则锻件外表面就越光滑,表面粗糙度越小,尺寸精度越高。径向锻打45钢Φ110 mm棒料的最佳条件为:径向压下量5 mm,转速30 r·min~(-1),轴向进给速度20 mm·s~(-1)。通过模拟仿真来验证和优化径向锻造工艺,大大降低了径向锻造工艺开发的周期,降低了多次锻造实验的成本。
The finite element simulation software FORGE-3D was used to simulate the process parameters of radial forged shaft. The effects of different radial reduction, collet speed and axial feed rate on the permeability and production efficiency were analyzed. The results show that forging process, the smaller the radial reduction, the higher the chuck rotation speed and the slower the axial feed rate, the smoother the outer surface of the forging is and the smaller the surface roughness is, the higher the dimensional accuracy is. The optimum conditions of radial forging of 45 steel Φ110 mm bar were: radial reduction of 5 mm, rotation speed of 30 r · min ~ (-1) and axial feed rate of 20 mm · s ~ (-1). Through simulation and simulation to verify and optimize the radial forging process, greatly reducing the radial forging process development cycle, reducing the cost of multiple forging experiments.