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本文介绍美国从法国引进的一种三维自动编织技术,其在美国的商标为AUTOWEAVE(“自动编织”)。这种独特的编织技术是由法国的BSA公司在1972年开始研制的,研究经费由法国原子能总署(CEA)提供。1983年,BSA和CEA批准美国的AVCO公司引进这种编织工艺。1986年,在该公司的ASMT厂房里安装了BR900型和BR2000型两台编织机。 这种自动编织技术用便宜的泡沫塑料芯模制造三维预制件,而且它只需要很少量的手工操作。制造预制件时用的径向增强物是一种独特的螺旋棒,这种棒在制造时是边制边切,同时以每秒一根的速度插进泡沫塑料芯模中,轴向和环向增强物分别以每秒381mm和每秒转一下的速度布入径向通道中。迄今,已用这种编织技术生产出了各种准网状特型的三维预制件。 业已证实,同目前水平的三维制造技术相比较,使用自动编织工艺生产预制件,可使成本下降1/3,并可使生产时间缩短1/2。
This article describes a three-dimensional automatic braiding technology introduced by the United States from France that is AUTOWEAVE (“Automatic Braid”) in the United States. This unique weaving technique was developed by the BSA of France in 1972 and was funded by the French Atomic Energy Agency (CEA). In 1983 BSA and CEA approved AVCO of the United States to introduce this weaving process. In 1986, two knitting machines BR900 and BR2000 were installed in the company’s ASMT plant. This automatic weaving technique makes three-dimensional preforms from inexpensive foamed plastic mandrels and requires very little manual handling. Radial reinforcements used in the manufacture of preforms are a unique spiral bar that is trimmed while being manufactured and inserted into a foam core mold at a rate of one per second, The reinforcements were introduced into the radial channels at a speed of 381 mm per second and a second per second, respectively. So far, a variety of quasi-mesh shaped three-dimensional preforms have been produced using this weaving technique. It has been confirmed that the use of an automatic weaving process for the production of preforms, compared with the current state of the art in 3D manufacturing, can reduce the costs by a third and shorten the production time by a factor of two.